A WHOIS record is the registry's public answer to one question: who is responsible for this domain, and until when. Everything else on the page follows from that.

The four dates

Created, updated, expires, and on some registries a deletion date. The expiry date is the one worth writing down. The update date only says that something changed, never what changed, so it is a prompt to look rather than an answer.

Status codes

clientTransferProhibited is normal. It is a lock the registrar sets so nobody can move the domain without asking. redemptionPeriod and pendingDelete are not normal: the domain is on its way out, and the window to save it is measured in days.

Redacted contacts

Most registrars hide the registrant behind a privacy service, so an empty contact block is a hidden address, not a hidden owner. The abuse contact stays public in almost every case, and it is the one that reaches a human.

What WHOIS cannot tell you

Whether the domain is for sale, what it is worth, and who is behind a privacy service. Anything claiming otherwise is guessing.